Blepharitis is an ocular disease characterized by inflammation of the eyelid margins. Blepharitis may cause redness of the eyes, itching and irritation of the eyelids in one or both eyes. Its appearance is often confused with conjunctivitis and due to its recurring nature it is the most common cause of “recurrent conjunctivitis” in older people. It is also often mistaken for “dry eye” by patients due to the gritty sensation that may occur, however lubricating drops do little to improve the condition.
There are two types of blepharitis:
1. Anterior blepharitis affects the anterior margin (front) of the eyelid near the roots of the eyelashes. The causes are seborrheic dermatitis (similar to dandruff) and, more rarely, infection by Staphylococcus bacteria.
2. Posterior blepharitis affects the posterior margin (back)of the eyelids, the part that makes contact with the eyes. This is caused by the oil glands present in this region and can be exacerbated by scalp dandruff. It is by far the most common type of blepharitis. Seborrheic blepharitis, the most common type ofblepharitis, is usually one part of the spectrum of seborrheic dermatitis which involves the |
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scalp, lashes, eyebrows, nasolabial folds and ears. Treatment is best accomplished by a dermatologist. Staphlycoccal blepharitis is caused by infection of the anterior portion of the eyelid by Staphylococcal bacteria. As the infection progresses, the sufferer may begin to notice a foreign body sensation, matting of the lashes, and burning. Usually, the primary care physician will prescribe topical antibiotics for staphylococcal blepharitis. Unfortunately this is rarely an effective treatment. The condition can sometimes lead to a chalazionor a stye.
The most common type of blepharitis is often found in people with a Rosacea skin type. The oil glands in the lid of rosacea sufferers secrete a modified oil which leads to inflammation at the gland openings which are found at the edge of the lid.
The single most important treatment principle is a daily routine of lid margin hygiene. Such a routine needs to be convenient enough to be continued lifelong to avoid relapses as blepharitis is often a chronic condition. But it can be acute, and one episode does not mean it is a lifelong condition. |